17 projets européens trouvés
Recherche sur 125080 projets européens
TERMINÉ
Exploiting Synergistic Properties of Mesoionic Carbene Complexes: Teaching Rusty Metals Challenging Catalysis (synMICs)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2015, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2020,
The non-innocence of specific ligands in transition metal complexes is well-documented. For example, mesoionic carbenes engage in bond activation processes via reversible hydrogen capture. Such cooperativity between the metal center and the ligand flattens the potential energy surface of a catalytic reaction and hence rises the competence of the catalyst, thus entailing higher turnover numbers as ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Active Mechanisms of Cell Selection: From Cell Competition to Cell Fitness (CELLFITNESS)
Date du début: 1 juin 2014, Date de fin: 31 mai 2019,
"The molecular mechanisms that mediate cell competition, cell fitness and cell selection is gaining interest. With innovative approaches, molecules and ground-breaking hypothesis, this field of research can help understand several biological processes such as development, cancer and tissue degeneration. The project has 3 clear and ambitious objectives: 1. We propose to identify all the key genes m ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Novel insights into cardiac regeneration through studies in the zebrafish (zebraHeart)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to cardiomyocyte death and accumulation of myofibroblasts (MFs) at the site of injury, which produce large amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM), generating a scar. Initially, cardiac fibrosis protects from ventricular wall rupture, but subsequent myocardial remodelling causes heart failure, representing a leading cause of death in Europe. While MFs play a central ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Classical and Atomic Quantum Simulation of Gauge Theories in Particle and Condensed Matter Physics (AtomicGaugeSimulator)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,
Gauge theories play a central role in particle and condensed matter physics. Heavy-ion collisions explore the strong dynamics of quarks and gluons, which also governs the deep interior of neutron stars, while strongly correlated electrons determine the physics of high-temperature superconductors and spin liquids. Numerical simulations of such systems are often hindered by sign problems. In quantum ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
A novel two-step model for neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (2STEPPARKIN)
Date du début: 1 juin 2013, Date de fin: 31 mai 2018,
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder primarily caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Despite the advances in gene discovery associated with PD, the knowledge of the PD pathogenesis is largely limited to the involvement of these genes in the generic cell death pathways, and why degeneration is specific to D ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Phenotypic plasticity, animal welfare, and the validity of animal experiments (REFINE)
Date du début: 1 mai 2013, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2018,
Using animals for research is a privilege granted by society to scientists on the explicit understanding that such use will provide significant new knowledge, and no unnecessary harm will be imposed on the animals. However, a high prevalence of abnormal behaviour and other signs of distress in animals housed under standard laboratory conditions, and poor reproducibility of experimental results, su ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Multi-modal effects of thyroid hormone replacement for untreated older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism; a randomised placebo-controlled trial (TRUST)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2011, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2017,
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common condition (8-18%) among European older men and women. Although by definition SCH comprises biochemically mild thyroid hormone deficiency without overt symptoms, it is a likely contributor to multiple problems in older age. Thyroid hormone has multiple pleiotropic effects on numerous physiological systems, including the vascular tree, heart, skeletal mus ...
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5
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TERMINÉ
Investigating Functional Dynamics in Proteins by Novel Multidimensional Optical Spectroscopies in the Ultraviolet (FunctionalDyna)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2012, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2016,
Proteins perform their biological function following specific sequences of events. During these dynamical paths, highly non-trivial cooperative interactions occur. Ultimately, this is the origin of the emerging collective behavior that makes proteins the most sophisticated existing molecular machines. This complex network of processes covers a wide range of timescales, from few fs to ms, and dista ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Pathogen and commensal immunity compared in a reversible infection model that uncouples immunity from pathogen immune evasion (ReversibleInfection)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2011, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2016,
The research described in this proposal will use a novel reversible intestinal infection model developed in my laboratory (Hapfelmeier et al., 2010. Science 328:1705-1709) for the detailed study of the differences between intestinal commensal and pathogen induced immunity. In my earlier work this system allowed fully reversible intestinal exposure of germ-free animals with live bacteria so that th ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Mechanisms of hygiene-mediated immune dysregulation and impact on the susceptibility to allergic and autoimmune diseases (HygieneandImmunity)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2011, Date de fin: 31 août 2016,
Immune-mediated disorders such as allergy and autoimmunity are major public health problems. In the past 40 years the incidence of these diseases has risen dramatically in developed countries. Epidemiological studies have revealed a clear correlation between disease susceptibility and improvements in hygiene. For example, children with older siblings show a reduced prevalence of asthma, multiple s ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Building the next generation of planet formation models: protoplanetary disks, internal structure, and formation of planetary systems (PLANETOGENESIS)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2010, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2015,
The discovery of extra-solar planetary systems with properties so different from those of our own Solar System has overturned our theoretical understanding of how planets and planetary systems form. Indeed, planet formation models have to link observations of two classes of objects: Protoplanetary disk, whose structure and early evolution provide the initial conditions of planets formation, and ac ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Understanding epigenetic mechanisms of complex genome editing in eukaryotes (EPIGENOME)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2010, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2015,
The scientific goal of this proposal is to contribute to our understanding of RNA-mediated epigenetic mechanisms of genome regulation in eukaryotes. Choosing ciliated protozoa as model organisms gives a wonderful opportunity to study the incredibly complex epigenetic mechanism of programming large-scale developmental rearrangements of the genome. This involves extensive rearrangements of the germl ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Reconstruction of methane flux from lakes: development and application of a new approach (RECONMET)
Date du début: 1 déc. 2009, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2014,
Reconstruction of methane flux from lakes: development and application of a new approach
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2
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TERMINÉ
"Art, Natural Science, Local History, and the New World in Counter-Reformation Antwerp: The Collection of the Portuguese Merchant-Banker Manuel Ximenes (1564-1632)." (XIMENES)
Date du début: 1 juil. 2010, Date de fin: 30 juin 2014,
"In early modern Europe, the collections of elite individuals were important sites to produce, exchange, and display knowledge. The reference point for my study is one of the most splendid collections of early 17th-c. Antwerp, that of the Portuguese merchant-banker Manuel Ximenes (1564-1632), praised by his contemporaries for his ‘universal knowledge of the sciences’. This is the first study of a ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Genetics of an invasive species and its parasites: the bank vole in Ireland (INVASIVOLE)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2010, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2013,
"Invasive species pose major threats to biodiversity, ecosystem integrity, agriculture, fisheries and public health. Greater knowledge of the population genetic aspects of invasions will allow us to discover how invasive species can adapt and thrive in novel environments, despite the founder events and serial bottlenecking associated with expansion into new territory, and will help to generate bet ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
GENETIC AND GENOMIC STUDY OF CELL COMPETITION IN DROSOPHILA (Supercompetitors)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2008, Date de fin: 31 août 2013,
During initial stages a cell accumulating tumor-promoting mutations is usually surrounded by normal cells. Current cancer models do not incorporate this transition from a single cell to a field of cells, although it is probably critical, since the behavior of an individual tumor cell within the cell community has to be dictated by the hard-wired genetic program that controls its aberrant cell biol ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Quality control of gene expression: mechanisms for recognition and elimination of nonsense mRNA (mRNA quality)
Date du début: 1 juin 2008, Date de fin: 31 mai 2013,
Analogous to quality control checks along the assembly line in industrial manufacturing processes, cells possess multiple quality control systems that ensure accurate expression of the genetic information throughout the intricate chain of biochemical reactions. “Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay” (NMD) represents a quality control mechanism that recognizes and degrades mRNAs of which the protein coding ...
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