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28 projets européens trouvés

Recherche sur 125080 projets européens

 TERMINÉ 

Model-based preclinical development of anti-tuberculosis drug combinations (PREDICT-TB)

Date du début: 1 mai 2012, Date de fin: 30 oct. 2017,

Drug development in TB requires new integrated methods to transition the novel combination regimens needed to shorten first-line therapy and combat multi-drug resistance. Although new agents are emerging, the path to registration of such regimens remains uncertain while capacity for pivotal trials is limited. Selection and optimization of drug combinations for development depends on preclinical sy ...
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 23

 TERMINÉ 

Innovative, mechanistic-based strategies for delivery of therapeutic macromolecules across cellular and biological barriers (PathChooser)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2013, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2017,

Nanomedicine offers capability to significantly change the course of treatment for life-threatening diseases. Many of the most significant current therapeutic targets, to be viable in practice, require the efficient crossing of at least one biological barrier. However, the efficient and controlled crossing of the undamaged barrier is difficult. The range of small molecules that can successfully do ...
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 9

 TERMINÉ 

Emergent Active Mechanical Behaviour of the Actomyosin Cell Cortex (ACTMECH)

Date du début: 1 déc. 2011, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,

The cell cortex is a highly dynamic layer of crosslinked actin filaments and myosin molecular motors beneath the cell membrane. It plays a central role in large scale rearrangements that occur inside cells. Many molecular mechanisms contribute to cortex structure and dynamics. However, cell scale physical properties of the cortex are difficult to grasp. This is problematic because for large scale ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Identifying the genes responsible for the expansion of the human cerebral cortex (NeuroMan)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2010, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2016,

The goal of this research proposal is to unravel the molecular and cell biological basis underlying the expansion of the human cerebral cortex. Specifically, we wish to identify the genes responsible for the increase in the generation of cortical neurons from neural stem and progenitor cells that occurs during primate evolution. We will take two complementary approaches. One is to characterize the ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Role of actin-based contraction and scaffolding in hepatocyte polarization, generation of liver-specific microarchitecture and liver tissue functioning (LIVER)

Date du début: 1 juil. 2014, Date de fin: 30 juin 2016,

Failure of liver functioning affects millions of people around the world. Despite of this and its known ability to regenerate itself, surprisingly little is understood about the mechanisms guiding both liver regeneration and functioning. A key element in providing liver functionality is the presence of specific cells in the tissue, but also their correct arrangement there. This distinct microarchi ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Quantitative Analysis of the Hourglass Model of Evolution of Development (HOURGLASS)

Date du début: 1 sept. 2010, Date de fin: 29 févr. 2016,

The observation that different species within one animal phylum resemble one another in the course of embryonic development fascinated scientists since the dawn of developmental biology. Already in 1828, Carl Ernst von Baer formulated his third law of embryonic development, later extended into the hourglass model that recognizes the phylotypic stage during mid-embryogenesis as the most constraine ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Systems Biology of Stem Cells and Reprogramming (SyBoSS)

Date du début: 1 juin 2010, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2015,

Stem cells are central to emerging concepts in health, medicine and therapy. The realization that specific cell reservoirs retain multipotency for tissue establishment and replenishment has implications for both the emerging field of regenerative therapy and the long standing problems of cancer, ageing and degenerative diseases. Recently the prospects for regenerative therapy have been boosted by ...
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 11

 TERMINÉ 

Biomolecular Motor Systems: From Cellular Function to Nanotechnological Applications (NANOTRANS)

Date du début: 1 nov. 2009, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2015,

This interdisciplinary project aims (i) to understand intracellular transport processes on a molecular level using novel nano-optical imaging tools and (ii) to use the insight from cellular systems to operate biomolecular motor systems in engineered environments for the fulfillment of complex nanotechnological tasks. Building on experience in optical microscopy and single molecule biophysics the r ...
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 3

 TERMINÉ 

Large-scale protein expression profiling of genes implicated in cognitive disorders and dissection of their role in neural tissue development and plasticity (NeuroProtein Profile)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2012, Date de fin: 13 juil. 2015,

Cognitive disorders are, due to their high frequency and lifelong costs, a leading medical and socio-economical problem world-wide. Particularly for the large number of disorders characterized by intellectual disability, no therapy is available. The search for effective treatment is unlikely to be successful until the pathology of these disorders is better understood. Currently mutations in around ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

A physical basis for wing morphogenesis and planar cell polarity (WING MORPHOGENESIS)

Date du début: 1 mars 2010, Date de fin: 31 mai 2015,

During development, physical forces are generated in precise patterns and produce elegant choreography of cell movements that determine tissue shape. The function of many tissues depends not only on their shape, but on the correct alignment of planar cell polarity within the tissue. Remarkably, recent evidence from my lab has suggested that physical forces not only shape the wing, but also align t ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Systems Biology of Mitosis (MitoSys)

Date du début: 1 juin 2010, Date de fin: 31 mai 2015,

"MitoSys will generate a comprehensive mathematical understanding of mitotic division in human cells, a process of fundamental importance for human health. To create the critical mass and multidisciplinarity that is needed to achieve this ambitious goal, internationally leading mathematicians, biochemists/biophysicists and biologists working at twelve universities, research institutes, internation ...
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 14

 TERMINÉ 

Mechanism of centrosome positioning in HeLa cells (Centrosome Position)

Date du début: 1 juil. 2012, Date de fin: 29 déc. 2014,

The Centrosome (CS) is an organelle located near the nucleus that constitutes the primary Microtubule Organization Center (MTOC) in animal cells. The distribution of the microtubule cytoskeleton is therefore determined by the localization of the CS. Localization of this organelle is important for many cellular processes: I) Cell shape and polarization[6], II) Cell migration and III) Cell cycle.The ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Combined Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy and Optical Projection Tomography for in vivo quantitative imaging of the developing zebrafish vasculature (SPIMTOP)

Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2014,

"Recently conceived three-dimensional microscopy techniques are revolutionizing developmental biology and embryology studies, being able to visualize entire organisms in-vivo. Despite increasingly proposed imaging solutions, methods suitable to quantify dynamic and mechanical parameters over a large region of a biological specimen are still lacking. This proposal aims to construct an optical syste ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Euro-BioImaging - Research infrastructure for imaging technologies in biological and biomedical sciences (Euro-BioImaging)

Date du début: 1 déc. 2010, Date de fin: 31 mai 2014,

Euro-BioImaging brings together imaging technologies stretching from basic biological imaging with advanced light microscopy, in vivo molecular imaging of single cells to animal models up to the clinical and epidemiological level of medical imaging of humans and populations. Euro-BioImaging, in close consultation with its stakeholders, will address the imaging requirements of both biological and m ...
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 44

 TERMINÉ 

Comparative systems-level studies of animal appendage morphogenesis (ANAMORPH)

Date du début: 1 mars 2012, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2014,

"Understanding the transition from molecular to cellular patterns and then to elaborate biological forms remains a major challenge in developmental biology. Recent advances in biological imaging enable to study the complex mechanisms that control tissue and organ morphogenesis. I will focus on animal appendages that develop particular shapes and sizes to suit the lifestyle of the organisms. Among ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Collective and cell-autonomous dynamics of the genetic oscillators of the segmentation clock in zebrafish somitogenesis (SEGCLOCKDYN)

Date du début: 1 juin 2008, Date de fin: 31 mai 2013,

The subdivision of the vertebrate embryo into repeating segments called somites, from which the muscles and bones will grow, is one of the oldest problems in developmental biology, recognized by Malpighi in the 1600s. This proposal focuses on the composition, function and dynamics of a population of genetic oscillators (termed the segmentation clock) that couples the spatial elongation of the embr ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Coordinated regulation of transcription and pre-mRNA splicing at gene promoters (pre-mRNA splicing)

Date du début: 1 mai 2011, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2013,

"Accurate pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental step for gene expression. SR proteins, a protein family of splicing regulators, play an essential role in the process by defining intron-exon boundaries and recruiting the spliceosome to carry out splicing. Pre-mRNA splicing occurs co-transcriptionally and it is now emerging that promoter identity modulates alternative splicing, possibly through the rec ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Lipid droplets as dynamic organelles of fat deposition and release: Translational research towards human disease (LipidomicNet)

Date du début: 1 mai 2008, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2012,

Lipids are central to the regulation and control of cellular processes by acting as basic building units for biomembranes, the platforms for the vast majority of cellular functions. Recent developments in lipid mass spectrometry have set the scene for a completely new way to understand the composition of membranes, cells and tissues in space and time by allowing the precise identification and quan ...
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 27

 TERMINÉ 

Molecular Motors-based Nanodevices (MONAD)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2009, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2012,

The MONAD project will focus on the design, fabrication and implementation of dynamic nanodevices based on the purposeful interaction of nano-structured surfaces and nano-objects with protein linear molecular motors - ubiquitous biological nano-machines responsible for biological functions as diverse as cell movement and division, transport of vesicles and muscle contraction. The project will deve ...
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 9

 TERMINÉ 

Restoring Mueller glia cell – photoreceptor interactions with Crumbs (CRUMBS IN SIGHT)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2008, Date de fin: 31 mai 2012,

"Mutations in the Crumbs homologue 1 (CRB1) gene cause photoreceptor degeneration resulting in progressive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), which both currently are untreatable blinding diseases. CRB1 is localized in Mueller glia cells at a subapical region (SAR) adjacent to adherens junctions between Mueller glia cells and photoreceptors. Loss of CRB1 function result ...
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 8

 TERMINÉ 

"Systems biology of phagosome formation and maturation, modulation by intracellular pathogens" (PHAGOSYS)

Date du début: 1 nov. 2008, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2012,

"To address the question of how intracellular pathogens modulate phagosome trafficking in the host cell we propose to use a systems biology approach, using an iterative cycle of experimental data, model, new experimental data, improved model. The ultimate aim of our project is to develop a mathematical model of mycobacteria and Salmonella infection of macrophages that can be applied to find new in ...
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 7

 TERMINÉ 

"Apoptosis systems biology applied to cancer and AIDS. An integrated approach of experimental biology, data mining, mathematical modelling, biostatistics, systems engineering and molecular medicine" (APO-SYS)

Date du début: 1 févr. 2008, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2012,

"A Europe-wide consortium of experimental biologists, biomathematicians, biostatisticians, computer scientists and clinical scientists will team up to approach cell death pathways in health and disease, placing particular emphasis on cancer and AIDS. The consortium will create a unique database integrating existing and accumulating knowledge on lethal signal transduction pathways leading to apopto ...
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 24

 TERMINÉ 

Primary mouse hepatocytes as a model system to study polarized endocytic trafficking (Primary hepatocytes)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2010, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2011,

Hepatocytes as polarized cells consist of two distinct membranes, the apical (towards the bile) and the basolateral (towards the blood and each other). Discrete endosomal networks and machineries are responsible for their proper maintenance and function. Therefore, internalized cargo is delivered specifically via different populations of endosomes to the apical and basolateral membranes ensuring t ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Establishment of cortical polarity in the one-cell C. elegans embryo (Goehring - Polarity)

Date du début: 1 juil. 2009, Date de fin: 30 juin 2011,

Throughout biology, from a single-celled bacterium developing into a mother cell and endospore, to the differentiation of gut epithelium in higher eukaryotes and even the morphological changes required in the generation of neurons within the human brain, the ability of a cell to generate intrinsic asymmetry plays a crucial role in development. In higher eukaryotes, this ability to polarize requir ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Locally generated forces within an epithelium: how do they affect the morphogenesis and planar cell polarity? (DrosoForcesPolarity)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2009, Date de fin: 31 mars 2011,

My objective is to understand how localized cortical actin/myosin contractility in individual cells within the Drosophila wing hinge and wing blade combine to generate the epithelial remodelling and convergence-extension movements that occur throughout the tissue. In particular, I will examine the role of the planar cell polarity proteins in generating and/or responding to these forces and test th ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Developing high-thoughput bioassays for human cancers in zebrafish (ZF-CANCER)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2008, Date de fin: 31 mars 2011,

"Recently the zebrafish has emerged as a new important system for cancer research because the zebrafish genome contains all orthologs of human oncogenes and forms tumors with similar histopathological and gene profiling features as human tumors. The zebrafish provides an in vivo vertebrate model for identifying novel mechanisms of cancer progression and for development of new anticancer compounds ...
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 9

 TERMINÉ 

The role of neuronal progenitor cells in axolotl spinal cord regeneration (REGENERATION)

Date du début: 1 juil. 2008, Date de fin: 30 juin 2010,

"During spinal cord regeneration in the axolotl, it has been shown that all of the neurons in the regenerate derive from cells near the site of amputation. It is unknown whether the new neurons derive from a population of multipotent progenitor cells in the mature tissue, or whether committed neuronal progenitors also contribute. Focusing on committed neuronal progenitors expressing the basic he ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Role of canonical Wnt signaling during somite formation in the zebrafish embryo (zebrasomwnt)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2008, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2008,

Segmental elements of the vertebrate body plan, such as vertebrae, ribs and most skeletal muscles, derive from embryonic somites. Somitogenesis is a spatially periodic process that is prefigured in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) by coordinated oscillations of gene expression that set the rhythm of the “segmentation clock”. The position in the PSM where these oscillations arrest is termed the determ ...
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 2