This proposal addresses the development of technologies for patient safety in robotic surgery. We define patient safety metrics for surgical procedures and then develop methods that abide by safety requirements, formulated in terms of our metrics. We aim at demonstrating that a properly controlled robotic surgery carried out in accordance to our safety criteria can improve the level of patient safety currently achievable by traditional surgery. The main innovative aspects of this project are: 1-\tResearch driven by patient-safety requirements 2-\tEmphasis on methodological rigor: development of a methodology founded in evidence-based medicine 3-\tScope: the entire surgical workflow is considered for development and validation. SAFROS focuses on innovative development of methods for the following technologies: \tSoft organ modeling and calibration, considering patient pathologies and anatomical variants \t Simulation planning in deformable environments\tIntra-operative registration and workflow monitoring\t Robot modeling and performance monitoring\tSurgeon training\tOperator interface with integrated stereovision and haptics New methods are integrated and validated on two distinct surgical robots (MIRO and RAMS), with respect to two inherently different contexts (pancreatic and vascular surgery). We quantitatively validate the adherence of our methods to the safety criteria, using surgical phantoms and animals. By comparing across robots and surgical contexts we draw conclusions about the generality of our approach. The SAFROS consortium comprises:\tHospitals with worldwide reputation, which provide medical knowledge and can validate our approach\tEurope's leading research groups in telerobotics and surgical robotics \tInnovative companies, to develop new technologies for surgical simulators\tWorld Health Organization, with global expertise in patient safety surgical safety guidelines\tRenowned educational organizations, to innovate surgeon training