The proposed project aims to undertake a systematic investigation of the incorporation of immigrants into the labor market of Western European countries within a comparative sociology framework. The study will be conducted with a cross-national comparative perspective, while simultaneously examining the impact of ethnic origin and generation on various labor market outcomes for immigrants. Thus, the general objective of the proposed research project is to examine the inter-generational patterns of labor market incorporation across various ethnic groups of immigrants in a comparative cross-national perspective of ‘old-immigration’in Western European societies. The following countries will be included in the study: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. Specifically, the proposed research aims:1. To examine the effect of ethnic origin and generation on the relative labor market outcomes of immigrants (in comparison to native populations) in each one of the above ten countries, while focusing on the following labor market outcomes: active labor force participation, occupational attainment and earnings.2. To compare the ways in which ethnic origin affects the relative labor market outcomes of (first and second generation) immigrant men and that of (first and second generation) immigrant women.3. To compare the results obtained for the labor market outcomes (as described in objectives 1 and 2) across different countries; specifically, to study the differences in the relative labor market outcomes of different immigrant groups across structural characteristics of the countries as degree of national labor market flexibility, welfare state regimes and immigrant integration policiesThe proposed research project will use quantitative analysis methods (e.g. various procedures of multivariate analysis) and draw on the data obtained from national representative samples in the ten Western European countries.