The HRB/Marie Curie Postdoctoral Mobility Fellowship scheme will be open to experienced researchers in any health related discipline. The main objectives of the Marie Curie and HRB co-funded and co-labelled scheme are: 1) to improve the quality of post-doctoral research training, 2) to enable researchers to develop their research careers at an advanced and more independent level by undertaking health-related research in a leading research institute abroad for a period of two years followed by a one year reintegration phase in Ireland, 3) to increase the competitiveness of the Irish scientific community with the ultimate goal being to contribute to health research at a global level. Applicants must have a PhD (or have a formal document from the awarding institution certifying that the PhD viva has been passed) or at least four years full time research experience; and must be resident in Ireland at the time of application and eligible for a visa in the country of their choice for the outgoing phase. Both applicants actively engaged in research, and applicants returning from a gap in their research career (career break, maternity leave, parental leave) will be welcome to apply. The fellowship will be three years long and will enable candidates to train and conduct research for a period of two years in any sponsoring institution abroad on a research project of their choice followed by a mandatory reintegration year back in Ireland. Fellowships will be awarded in open competition through international peer review, on the basis of the scientific merit of the research proposal, the research background to date of the applicant, his/her commitment to research, his/her potential to develop as an independent researcher and the value that a trans-national mobility fellowship could make to their training and career development. During the whole of the three years the salary, pension and social security contributions will be paid for the fellow through the Irish host institution. Additional practical costs, such as health insurance, travel and mobility allowances will be also offered during the mobility phase. The HRB will also contribute to training and developing of the fellow, research running costs and dissemination costs. All of these measures should ensure that mobility will be attractive to researchers.