"Conventional orthopedic implants and dental filling approaches are only partly successful in preventing load-bearing failures and long-term durability, respectively. The problem in the current materials for bone repair and regeneration is that none of them has the hierarchical structure of natural bone that incorporates inorganic crystals with organic molecules. Any long-lasting biomimetic bone-like material should be designed from a well-dispersed inorganic nanoparticle phase in an organic matrix. This work is going to accomplish the following objectives: 1) Development of organic/apatite hybrid biomaterials based on apatite nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer gel. 2) Determination of physicochemical factors affecting the self-assembly of the hybrid material. 3) Characterization of micro- and nano-structure of the hybrid material. 4) Evaluation of mechanical strength and interfacial characteristics of the self-assembled biomaterial. Micro-/nano-structural characterization of this new biohybrid material will be done by using several techniques to investigate material composition and morphology. The mechanical properties of the designed biomaterial will be tested. The outcomes of this research will provide a novel approach for bone regeneration and will serve as a basis for future in-vivo experiments with the long-term goal of repairing bone defects."