... VertFrx, as well as their risk factors, - bone mineral density (BMD), bone geometry, and muscle mass, - are governed by shared genetic polymorphisms, which will be discovered by a multi-trait genome-wide association study (GWAS).During a 4-year period, we will explore the following Specific Aims:1) to obtain data from five musculoskeletal phenotypes: (1) VertFrx; (2) vertebral volumetric BMD (vBM ...