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 TERMINÉ 
Background Hard-wearing countertops and tiles for kitchens and bathrooms are manufactured from ceramic or polymeric/composite materials. Both materials, however, present environmental problems. The use of ceramic produces large amounts of waste, while countertops made with composite materials – i.e. crushed stone bound together by a synthetic adhesive ( ...
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 TERMINÉ 
Background The Waste3 project targets the environmental problem of waste slag produced by pyrometallurgical processes during primary extraction of copper. For each kilo of copper obtained, 2.2 kg of slag is produced, amounting to 5.56 millions tonnes/yr of slag in Europe. Despite its high iron content, this slag is currently disposed of in landfills, furt ...
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 TERMINÉ 
Background The ceramic tile industry, and in particular ceramic-tile finishing operations, use an extremely high volume of water. Some 72% of EU tile production is porcelain stoneware, which is typically subjected to high water-use finishing operations. Some 800 litres of water are needed to polish 1 square metre of tiling. Finishing operations also gene ...
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 3

 TERMINÉ 
Background The finishing of surfaces in the ceramics industry was known to cause specific environmental damage. Polishing products such as ceramic tiles, involved grinding wheels and the application of highly polluting enamels and soluble compounds. The whole process used high levels of power and a lot of water and produced a substantial amount of ceramic ...
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