...romoter to ensure GM-CSF production exclusively in tumor cells (an oncolytic virus replicates only in tumor cells). GM-CSF is a potent cytokine that enhances the function of antigen presenting cells (APCs) by the maturation, activation, and recruitment of DCs, macrophages and monocytes.All biologic responses crucial for DC functioning are influenced by signaling through the Toll-like receptors (TL ...