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13 projets européens trouvés

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 TERMINÉ 

An integrative approach towards the understanding of an adaptive radiation of East African cichlid fishes (CICHLIDX)

Date du début: 1 mars 2014, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2019,

"More than 150 years after the publication of Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species, the identification of the processes that govern the emergence of novel species remains a fundamental problem to biology. Why is it that some groups have diversified in a seemingly explosive manner, while others have lingered unvaried over millions of years? What are the external factors and environmental conditio ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Fungal conservation genetics: species traits and dispersal (FUNDISTRAIT)

Date du début: 3 juil. 2014, Date de fin: 2 juil. 2016,

Wood-decay fungi are essential for the functioning of forest ecosystems: they drive wood decomposition and soil formation in forests. They provide habitat for many other organisms and enable the regeneration of forests throughout the world. But many wood-decay fungi are threatened by forest management, and up to 42% of the species are in national Red Lists. Their occurrence in fragmented forest la ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic (INTERACT)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2011, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2015,

Environmental change and particularly amplified global climate change are accelerating in the Arctic. These changes already affect local residents and feedback from the Arctic’s land surface to the climate system, will have global implications. However, climate change and its impacts are variable throughout the wide environmental and land use envelopes of the Arctic. Unfortunately, the Arctic is g ...
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 34

 TERMINÉ 

Development of a cost-effective and sustainable insecticide-free plant protection method, eliminating widespread catastrophic damage in the forestry caused by the pine weevil Hylobius abietis (Weevil STOP)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2012, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2015,

The WeevilSTOP project will significantly increase competitiveness and sustainability for the large number of SMEs in the European Forestry and Forest-based Industries. About 16 million Private Forest Owners manage 60% of Europe’s forest, generating 3 million jobs and create a total turnover of €300Bn annually.Our community has a great and urgent need for innovation in order to substitute currentl ...
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 15

 TERMINÉ 

THE GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF SECONDARY SEXUAL TRAITS DURING HYBRID SPECIATION (ARCHIGENE)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2014,

"Understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic traits is of fundamental importance in evolutionary and conservation biology, but especially in the field of speciation. Hybrid speciation essentially involves fusion and stabilization of two distinct genomes accompanied by reproductive isolation from the parental counterparts. I will investigate how genetic architecture of secondary sexual traits evo ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Climate-induced phenological change and its consequences for bird populations (Bird Populations)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2012, Date de fin: 20 juin 2014,

Migratory birds have during the last decades advanced their phenology, i.e. the timing of events such as migration and breeding, as a response to climate change. Species unable to adjust their phenology have shown declining populations. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this trend is necessary for predicting long term population dynamical consequences of climate change and taking possible co ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Reconstructing the imprint of ecology on the genetic phylogeography of the Plague in Central Asia and China (PlagueEco2Geno)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2012, Date de fin: 31 mars 2014,

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is a flea-borne disease that caused at least three devastating pandemics in the last two millenia[Stenseth08]. Plague is endemic in wildlife rodents, and the ecological and epidemiological dynamics of the rodent-plague system are the underlying cause of outbreaks in human populations. However, our current understanding of this system is insufficient ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Timing of bird migration under climate change: phenotypic plasticity, microevolutionary response or both? (BirdClimChange)

Date du début: 1 mai 2011, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2013,

Climate is changing at a global scale, exposing organisms to novel environmental conditions and potentially having a profound impact on life-history traits of individuals, and, hence, on the ecology, distribution and persistence of species. Among the most apparent effects of climate change are alterations in the phenology of many species as a result of changes in the timing of seasons. One of the ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Social complexity in Resource Management (SoCoRm)

Date du début: 11 avr. 2011, Date de fin: 10 avr. 2013,

This research projects starts from the observation that in some instances, government intervention is effective in conserving renewable natural resources, such as fish stock, but not in others. We argue that government intervention does not take place in a vacuum, as sets of social norms may exist that govern resource use. In some cases these social norms promote sustainable harvesting strategies, ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Evolutionary response of two African Rodent species (Hystrix sp) to climate changes: the study of the past as an estimate of the future (REHYSTRIX)

Date du début: 1 févr. 2011, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2013,

"Evidences of ongoing global warming, set the study of the reactions of species and ecosystems to climatic change as one of the main issues of Conservation Biology and the development of most accurate and reliable predictive models as crucial. To date, such models are principally based on projecting climatic variables that characterize the current distribution of species on modelled future climati ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Demographic strategies under climate variation: a study on Arctic and Antarctic seabirds (EVOLBIRD)

Date du début: 11 janv. 2010, Date de fin: 10 janv. 2012,

"Predicting the impact of future climate changes on populations and biodiversity is of key importance in the connection with the current global warming. It is crucial to understand how organisms are able to cope with climatic variations, especially in polar environments where the effect of climate change is the strongest. Climate changes may have important ecological consequences on the population ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of juvenescent marine populations: a comparative study of the European hake in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean (EVOLHAKE)

Date du début: 1 juin 2009, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2011,

"Much evidence shows that fishing is driving evolutionary changes in the life traits of marine fish populations. Fishing does not only decrease the abundance of populations, but also changes the genetic composition of their individuals with negative impacts on the recovery capacity, and on the functioning of the ecosystems. Moreover, fishing is removing the largest individuals from many stocks lea ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Statistical Tools for studying genetic architecture (stsga)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2008, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2009,

Molecular biology has shown that most phenotypes are affected by complex, interacting gene networks. Yet, evolutionary biologists and population geneticists often assume very simple genetic architectures where genes act more of less independently of each other. These assumptions are made for conceptual clarity and are partially justified through statistical definitions of gene effects that capture ...
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 1