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25 projets européens trouvés

Recherche sur 125080 projets européens

 TERMINÉ 

Mechanisms of Evasive Resistance in Cancer (MERiC)

Date du début: 1 mai 2014, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2020,

Cancer is a major health problem due to the failure of current therapies to effectively eradicate the disease. Alternative signaling pathways compensate for a therapeutically targeted pathway, a process referred to as 'evasive resistance'. The identities of the alternative signaling pathways and functional interconnections that underlie evasive resistance remain widely unknown. We propose to integ ...
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 3

 TERMINÉ 

Paratexts of the Bible. Analysis and Edition of the Greek Textual Transmission (PARATEXBIB)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2014, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2019,

This project takes a new look at an old text. The Bible is a fundamental book for the history of religious beliefs, cultural history, art history as well as many other fields. For centuries it has been read and copied multiple times. Thousands of medieval manuscripts survive. The process of transmission is considered here from a totally new perspective. While biblical manuscripts have so far been ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

The organisation of functional microcircuits in visual cortex (NeuroVision)

Date du début: 1 mai 2014, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2019,

Determining how the organisation of neural circuitry gives rise to its function has been a major challenge for understanding the neural basis of perception and behaviour. In order to uncover how different regions of the neocortex process sensory information, it is necessary to understand how the pattern and properties of synaptic connections in a specific sensory circuit determine the computations ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Coactivator-controlled transcriptional networks regulating skeletal muscle cell plasticity (MUSCLE-NET)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 mars 2019,

"Regular physical activity is linked to improved health and increased life expectancy. Inversely, a sedentary life-style is a strong and independent risk factor for many chronic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disorders, as well as certain types of cancer or neurodegeneration. Interestingly however, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the health beneficial effects ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

An integrative approach towards the understanding of an adaptive radiation of East African cichlid fishes (CICHLIDX)

Date du début: 1 mars 2014, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2019,

"More than 150 years after the publication of Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species, the identification of the processes that govern the emergence of novel species remains a fundamental problem to biology. Why is it that some groups have diversified in a seemingly explosive manner, while others have lingered unvaried over millions of years? What are the external factors and environmental conditio ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

"State Space Exploration: Principles, Algorithms and Applications" (SSX)

Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,

"State-space search, finding paths in huge, implicitly given graphs, is a fundamental problem in artificial intelligence and other areas of computer science. State-space search algorithms like A*, IDA* and greedy best-first search are major success stories in artificial intelligence, and hundreds of papers based on variations of these algorithms are published every year. Due to this success, the m ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Enzymology of oxidative sulfur transfers (ErgOX)

Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,

Oxidative stress causes cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and infective disease. Much of cellular oxidative stress is mediated, communicated, mitigated or amplified by a complex system of sulphur containing small metabolites or protein based cysteines. Characterization of key players and reactions in this network is crucial for preventive and therapeutic interventions.I propose a new persp ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

The function of higher-order cortical and thalamic pathways during vision (HigherVision)

Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,

When interacting with the environment we depend on our perception of the world around us. Visual perception relies on information flow from the eye to the visual cortex, where it is relayed and transformed via a series of cortical processing stages. Most research so far has focused on feedforward processing of visual information. However, it is increasingly obvious that perception crucially depend ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

FIC-Mediated Post-Translational Modifications at the Pathogen-Host Interface: Elucidating Structure, Function and Role in Infection (FICModFun)

Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,

The ubiquitous FIC domain catalyzes post-translational modifications (PTMs) of target proteins; i.e.adenylylation (=AMPylation) and, more rarely, uridylylation and phosphocholination. Fic proteins arethought to play critical roles in intrinsic signaling processes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes; however, asubset encoded by bacterial pathogens is translocated via dedicated secretion systems into the ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Bottom-up Nanowires as Scanning Multifunctional Sensors (NWScan)

Date du début: 1 nov. 2013, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2018,

Advances in growth and fabrication of semiconductor nanostructures have led to both the production of exquisitely sensitive force transducers and the development of solid-state quantum devices. Force transducers, typically monolithic Si cantilevers, are central to techniques such as AFM, and MFM. On the other hand, quantum devices including quantum wells, quantum dots (QDs), and single electron tr ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Memory B cell immunity in chronic viral infection (IMMUNIBY)

Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2018,

This project aims for a quantum leap in the understudied area of memory B cell immunity to chronic viral infection. It provides i) a landscape analysis of primary and memory B cell responses to chronic viral challenge, ii) investigates receptor hypermutation of memory B cells for broadened protection against viral escape variants, and iii) studies the role of memory CD4+ T cells in augmenting memo ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Time, space and speed: cdGMP signaling in cell behavior and reproduction (cdGMP)

Date du début: 1 mai 2013, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2018,

Bacterial biofilms are the primary cause of chronic infections and of resulting infection relapses. To be able to interfere with bacterial persistence it is vital to understand the molecular details of biofilm formation and to define how motile planktonic cells transit into surface-grown communities. The nucleotide second messenger cyclic di-guanosinemonophosphate (cdGMP) has emerged as a central ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

VitaminD3-Omega3-Home Exercise- HeALTHy Ageing and Longevity Trial (DO-HEALTH)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2012, Date de fin: 30 juin 2017,

As the European population is ageing rapidly, the growing number of seniors with age-related chronic diseases poses a challenge on European societies and health care systems. Therapeutic interventions that are effective, affordable and well-tolerated in the prevention of chronic disease are urgently needed and will have an outstanding impact on public health as a whole. Among the most promising in ...
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 25

 TERMINÉ 

Quantum Entanglement in Electronic Solid State Devices (QUEST)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2012, Date de fin: 31 mars 2017,

"The quantum world is by far larger than the classical one. It is entanglement, closely linked to non-locality, that spans this larger space manifold. Entanglement plays a central role in emerging quantum technology aiming to harvest quantum space. From the experimentalist’s point of view working in nanoelectronics, there is no instrument on the shelf yet, that would measure the degree of entangle ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

FaInt Supernovae and Hypernovae: Mechanism and Nucleosynthesis (FISH)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2016,

"Massive stars of 8-140M⊙ undergo core-collapse at the end of their evolution, leading to a central neutron star or possibly a black hole. Stars in the mass range of 140-260M⊙ have been expected to experience thermonuclear explosions, known in the literature as pair instability supernovae (PISNe). More massive objects will form black holes during their final collapse. If these events lead to eject ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Structural Biology of Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Proteins (MOMP)

Date du début: 1 déc. 2011, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2016,

"To elucidate the biological role of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM), I propose to determine structures and functions of integral MOM protein complexes at atomic resolution, involving the three proteins VDAC, Bax and Sam. These are key elements of vital cellular functions: the regulation of bioenergetics, mitochondrial biogenesis, apoptosis and cancer. Our results will give new insights int ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Compound Specific Hydrogen Isotope Analyses of Leaf Wax n-Alkanes as a Novel Tool to Assess Plant and Ecosystem Water Relations Across new Spatial and Temporal Scales (COSIWAX)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2011, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2016,

"Leaf wax n-alkanes are long-chained lipids that are vital components of plant cuticles. What makes leaf wax n-alkanes unique is that their stable hydrogen isotope composition (δD) contains information on precipitation and plant water relations. In addition, leaf wax n-alkanes are abundant in leaves, soils, sediments and even the atmosphere and can persist with their δD values over millions of yea ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

A phylogenetic and experimental approach to understand the evolution of microbiota (MicrobiotaEvolution)

Date du début: 1 juin 2011, Date de fin: 31 mai 2016,

Microbial communities (=microbiota) associated with multicellular organisms play an important role in host nutrition and development. Advances in sequencing technology have revealed an unexpectedly high diversity of microbiota; these advances are not, however, matched by advances in our understanding of the evolutionary factors that structure microbiota. The goal of this proposal is to fill this k ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Light-In, Light-Out: Chemistry for sustainable energy technologies (LILO)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2011, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2015,

The project is concerned with a coordinated approach to the development of of novel chemical strategies for light harvesting by photovoltaic cells and light generation using light emitting electrochemical cells. Both technologies have proof of principle results from the PIs own laboratory and others world-wide. The bulk of efficient dye sensitized solar cells rely on transition metal complexes as ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

To decipher the optimal management of systemic sclerosis (DESSCIPHER)

Date du début: 1 déc. 2012, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2015,

The current approach to diagnosis and management of the rare disease systemic sclerosis (SSc) is based on American College of Rheumatology criteria with low sensitivity and few validated recommendations for the therapy of the disease and its manifold organ manifestations. To overcome these shortcomings, the DeSScipher project will use the multinational, prospective and open EUSTAR (Scleroderma Tri ...
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 15

 TERMINÉ 

Interplays between miRNAs and transcription factors in the determination and maintenance of cell identity (WHYMIR)

Date du début: 1 nov. 2012, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2015,

"miRNAs are small RNAs that guide the RNA-induced silencing complex tomRNA targets, destabilizing them and inhibiting theirtranslation. Much has been learned about their involvement in organismdevelopment and function, yet some striking puzzles remain. On the onehand it has been shown that miRNAs are essential for development, andthe preferential targeting of transcription factors (TFs) by miRNAss ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Electronic spectra of cold, large interstellar ions (ElecSpecIons)

Date du début: 1 mai 2010, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2015,

The purpose of this project is to measure for the first time gas-phase spectra of large carbon containing cations, at low temperatures, which are of astrophysical importance. Knowledge of electronic spectroscopy of such molecules is also of pertinence in a number of areas of chemistry and physics, enabling their identification in planetary atmospheres, flames and plasmas and as intermediates in ch ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

A functional explanation of low temperature tree species limits (TREELIM)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2009, Date de fin: 31 mars 2014,

The number one question in ecology is why certain organisms occur where they do, and what the traits are which make them successful. This project aims at arriving at a functional explanation of the climatic limits of major European broad leaved tree taxa. It will focus on and explore their temperature-related limits and aims at reviving Europe's traditional strength in physiology based ecology by ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

The interaction and the genetic basis of naturally versus sexually selected traits in the adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes (INTERGENADAPT)

Date du début: 1 août 2008, Date de fin: 31 juil. 2013,

"The question of how variation in the DNA translates into organismal diversity has puzzled biologists for decades. Despite of recent advances in evolutionary and developmental biology, the molecular mechanisms that underlie diversification, adaptation and evolutionary innovation remain largely unknown. The exceptionally diverse species flocks of cichlid fishes in the East African Great Lakes are t ...
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 2

 TERMINÉ 

Coherence of Spins in Semiconductor Nanostructures (COSPSENA)

Date du début: 1 juin 2008, Date de fin: 31 mai 2013,

"Macroscopic control of quantum states is a major theme in much of modern physics because quantum coherence enables study of fundamental physics and has promising applications for quantum information processing. The potential significance of quantum computing is recognized well beyond the physics community. For electron spins in GaAs quantum dots, it has become clear that decoherence caused by int ...
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 2