16 projets européens trouvés
Recherche sur 125080 projets européens
TERMINÉ
Investigation of the molecular mechanisms ensuring precision and reproducibility of Sonic Hedgehog mediated patterning in the vertebrate ventral neural tube (NeuralNetworkNoise)
Date du début: 1 avr. 2015, Date de fin: 31 mars 2017,
Morphogens are locally produced molecules that act over long distances in tissues to control the pattern of gene expression. A particularly well-understood model system for studying the mechanisms of morphogen-mediated patterning is the vertebrate neural tube. Here, Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) induces discrete neuronal progenitor domains through regulation of a combinatorial code of transcription factors ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
The interplay between innate immunity and RNA interference in mammals (RNAi vs IFN)
Date du début: 1 mars 2015, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2017,
In antiviral RNAi, the DICER (DCR) enzyme processes virus-derived double-stranded (ds)RNA into siRNAs that guide ARGONAUTE proteins to silence complementary viral RNA. As a counter-defense, viruses deploy viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs). Well-established in plants and invertebrates, the existence of antiviral RNAi in mammals has remained unknown until our recent findings (from my first postdoctor ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Molecular basis of IGF2BPs-mediated lncRNAs degradation (LNCRNATURNOVER)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2014, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2016,
Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs) constitute a conserved family of oncofetal RNA binding proteins (RBPs) important in embryonic development, and whose expression in tumours is strongly correlated to cancer dissemination. There are three isoforms in mammals, IGF2BP1-3, which regulate mRNA transport, translation, and RNA stability, in a RNA target-dependent manner. Recentl ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Anatomy and dynamics of the human replisome (AnDyHRep)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2014, Date de fin: 31 août 2016,
Accurately copying its whole genome is perhaps the most important task of the cell. Mistakes in DNA replication can result in cell death or, potentially worse, in mutagenesis and genomic instability, which in turn can lead to uncontrolled proliferation, the basis of cancer. Elucidating the factors involved in DNA replication and understanding the mechanisms by which human cells guarantee the prec ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Epigenetics towards systems biology (EPIGENESYS)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2010, Date de fin: 31 mars 2016,
The ‘EpiGeneSys’ Network of Excellence aims to enable European epigenetics research to enter the arena of systems biology, a new step forward with major implications for human health. Many diseases, not explained solely by gene mutation, have rather been associated with epigenetic disorders. Following the identification of key epigenetic regulators, a move towards a systems biology approach is nee ...
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28
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TERMINÉ
Structural Studies on Influenzavirus Fusion (INFLUENZA FUSION)
Date du début: 1 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 mars 2016,
The fusion of biological membranes underlies basic cellular processes of vesicle transport as well as the infectivity of enveloped viruses. The haemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of influenza viruses mediates fusion between viral and cellular membranes at the pH of the endosome to deliver the viral genome into the cytosol. Despite its high surface variability, its fusion machinery is conserved among ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Role of nuclear architecture in cancer development (ACTINNUCLSHAPECANCER)
Date du début: 1 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 mars 2016,
Nuclear shape is one of the gold standards for detection and characterization of cancers. Nonetheless the control of nuclear morphology and its relationship to malignant behaviors are still poorly understood. We propose to study the mechanisms that lead to nuclear dysmorphia and their consequence on nuclear functions such as genome integrity and migration. The first part of the research will start ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Asymmetrical B cell division: origin and functional significance (ASYMMETRY IN B CELLS)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2014, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2015,
B cell activation required for antibody production and the establishment of immunological memory is initiated by antigen recognition through the B cell receptor (BCR) and subsequent internalization of antigen for presentation to T cells. After activation, B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells. The mechanism involved in this B cell fate decision has been recently ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
European and South African HIV co-infection research consortium (ESAHIVCOINFRES)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2011, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2015,
The overall aim of the proposed staff exchange program is to establish a long lasting collaboration between South African and European research teams involved in HIV co-infection research. This effort ultimately should lead to new ways to improve the care/treatment for patients with HIV co-infections and to decrease the high mortality among persons with HIV infection in Africa.South Africa is the ...
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5
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TERMINÉ
Generation of a new class of antiretrovirals targeting HIV-cellular cofactors interactions (HIVINNOV)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2012, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2015,
Highly active antiretroviral therapy is effective at controlling HIV-1 replication, however emergence and transmission of drug-resistant viruses is increasing, including viruses resistant to the newly developped integrase catalytic inhibitors. It is essential that new antiretrovirals (ARVs) become available. Most ARVs in development belong to the classes of viral enzyme inhibitors. Since HIV requi ...
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7
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TERMINÉ
Single cell level intravital imaging of response, tolerance, and resistance to targeted therapies (ImageMelTherapyLRI)
Date du début: 1 juil. 2013, Date de fin: 30 juin 2015,
Oncogenic signalling by kinases presents a significant opportunity for cancer therapy. The B-Raf selective inhibitor, Vemurafenib, has shown great effect against B-Raf mutant melanoma patients. However, drug resistance emerges in nearly every case. Various mechanisms underlying this resistance are described, however these approaches usually overlook the heterogeneity of the tumour microenvironment ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Defects in DNA strand break repair and links to inheritable disease (DNAREPAIR)
Date du début: 1 juin 2010, Date de fin: 31 mai 2015,
Our genetic material is continually subjected to damage, either from endogenous sources such as reactive oxygen species produced as by-products of oxidative metabolism, from the breakdown of replication forks during cell growth, or by agents in the environment such as ionising radiation or carcinogenic chemicals. To cope with DNA damage, cells employ elaborate and effective repair processes that s ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
In vitro reconstitution of the replication machinery on a chromatin template (DNA replication)
Date du début: 1 juin 2013, Date de fin: 31 mai 2015,
DNA replication, the process where the genetic material is duplicated, is one of the most important and basic processes a cell undertakes. It is essential that this process is tightly and carefully regulated as errors in DNA replication are catastrophic, resulting in diseases like cancer. The synthetic or S phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle is entirely devoted to genome duplication by orchestrati ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
The Initiation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication: Mechanism, Regulation and Role in Genome Stability (EUKDNAREP)
Date du début: 1 mai 2010, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2015,
In each cell cycle, eukaryotic cells must faithfully replicate large genomes in a relatively short time. This is accomplished by initiating DNA replication from many replication origins distributed along chromosomes. Ensuring that each origin is efficiently activated once and only once per cell cycle is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the genome. Recent evidence indicates that defects in ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
The dendritic cell receptor DNGR-1: Modulation of endosomal dynamics upon recognition of necrotic cells (DNGR-1 in DCs)
Date du début: 1 mai 2013, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2015,
Dendritic cells (DCs) play an essential function in initiating adaptive immunity. Key to DC function are receptors for recognizing and capturing pathogens and damaged cells and for controlling subsequent antigen extraction, processing and presentation. DNGR-1 (also known as CLEC9A) is a DC-restricted C-type lectin receptor (CLR) that recognizes the actin cytoskeleton exposed on necrotic cells. DNG ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Mechanism of Holliday junction dissolution by the Bloom’s Syndrome complex (BLMCOMPLEX)
Date du début: 1 mai 2013, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2015,
Our genetic material is continually subjected to damage and efficient repair is needed for cancer avoidance. DNA double-strand breaks are cytotoxic and are repaired either by Non Homologous End-Joining or Homologous Recombination (HR). HR provides an important function in DNA repair, where it serves the dual purpose of mending broken chromosomes and recovering sequence information that might be l ...
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