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"The most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases of humans are complex disorders of multifactorial aetiology influenced by genes, the environment and their interactions. Periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two such chronic inflammatory diseases associated withsignificant morbidity and mortality, and have recently shown to have a bi-directional association. Moreover, the prevalenc ...

Non-pathogenic mycobacteria are efficiently phagocytosed by macrophages and killed within phagosomes by acid hydrolases, reactive nitrogen intermediates, and likely other still unidentified factors that are part of the macrophage pro-inflammatory response. In contrast, pathogenic mycobacteria such as M. tuberculosis survive and grow within phagosomes by blocking macrophage pro-inflammatory respons ...