Plus de 40 projets européens trouvés
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TERMINÉ
Extremely Thin Absorbers for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage (ETASECS)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2014, Date de fin: 31 août 2019,
ETASECS aims at making a breakthrough in the development of photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for solar-powered water splitting that can be readily integrated with PV cells to provide storage capacity in the form of hydrogen. It builds upon our recent invention for resonant light trapping in ultrathin films of iron oxide (a-Fe2O3), which enables overcoming the deleterious trade-off between light ab ...
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TERMINÉ
Programming with Millions of Examples (PRIME)
Date du début: 1 mars 2014, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2019,
"The goal of this proposal is to make programming easier and more productive. We propose to develop novel program synthesis techniques, generating procedural code from declarative specifications.Existing techniques apply synthesis at such a fine grain that they can never hope to generate code of the richness and complexity required by application-level programmers. In contrast, we aim to develop s ...
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TERMINÉ
Next Generation Sparsity-Based Signal Modeling (SPARSE)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2018,
One could not imagine the vast progress made in signal and image processing in the past 50 years without the central contribution of data models. A model imposes a structure on the data, enabling numerous applications. Due to their importance, a considerable research attention has been devoted to the design and use of signal models. Through the past several decades, an evolution of contributions l ...
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TERMINÉ
NEXT-GENERATION BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING TO SUPPORT EVALUATION OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN BUILT ENVIRONMENTS (NextGenBim)
Date du début: 1 déc. 2013, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2018,
This proposal argues that current building modeling tools, including popular BIM (Building Information Modeling) systems, provide a poor, inadequate representation of buildings: they represent only the physical and material characteristics of buildings. Buildings, unlike other products, cannot be understood independently of their context, of their intended use, and of their intended users.This sho ...
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TERMINÉ
Rapid parsimonious modelling (RAPID)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2013, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2018,
Parsimony, manifested as variously structured sparse and low rank representations of data, has been shown as a tremendously successful model in numerous domains of science, including signal and image processing, computer vision, and machine learning problems. Despite this success, parsimonious representation pursuit approaches practiced today face serious limitations stemming from their reliance o ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Topological Quantum Devices (QTopDev)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2014, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2018,
Topological behavior has emerged as a new paradigm in contemporary condensed matter physics. To date, only a relatively small subset of the myriad of possible topological phenomena has been accessed experimentally or utilized for technological applications. In this research program, we will consider devices synthesized of several accessible components, which can potentially allow access to new top ...
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TERMINÉ
Selective Carbon-Carbon Bond Activation: A Wellspring of Untapped Reactivity (CMetC)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2013, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2018,
The creation of new molecular entities and subsequent exploitation of their properties is central to a broad spectrum of research disciplines from medicine to materials. Most –if not all- of the efforts of organic chemists were directed to the development of creative strategies to built carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds in a predictable and efficient manner. But is the creation of new bond ...
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TERMINÉ
Information-optimal machine learning (SUBLRN)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2013, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2018,
"The statistical and computational theory of learning is one of the prime achievements of computer science and engineering. This is evident both in terms of mathematical elegance of capturing intuitive notions rigorously as well as in terms of practical applicability: machine learning has effectively reshaped the way we use information.In this proposal we tackle the very basic notions of learning. ...
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TERMINÉ
Bio-Inspired Routes for Controlling the Structure and Properties of Materials: Reusing proven tricks on new materials (BIONICS)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2018,
"In the course of biomineralization, organisms produce a large variety of functional biogenic crystals that exhibit fascinating mechanical, optical, magnetic and other characteristics. More specifically, when living organisms grow crystals they can effectively control polymorph selection as well as the crystal morphology, shape, and even atomic structure. Materials existing in nature have extraord ...
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TERMINÉ
Supporting Teams in Mass Casualty Incident Management: Empirical and Analytic Research for Optimizing Augmentative Technology - Design Methodologies and Tools (IMTs MCIM)
Date du début: 1 août 2014, Date de fin: 31 juil. 2018,
There is an increase in mass casualty incidents and disasters resulting from nature disasters (e.g., super-storms, forest fires, earth-quacks and tsunamis, floods, etc.), accidents (oil spills, industry-related explosions, or train derailments, etc.), or terror attacks (e.g., 9-11, the London and Madrid bombing, etc.). Managing such incidents requires the well-coordinated rapid response of multi-a ...
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TERMINÉ
Empirical Intrinsic Modeling for Nonlinear Signal Processing (EMP-INT-MODEL-NL-SP)
Date du début: 1 août 2014, Date de fin: 31 juil. 2018,
"A fundamental problem in signal processing is designing models, which are theoretically sound, practical to implement, and describe well the variability of real-world signals. Finding accurate models of signals sets the foundation to state of the art signal analysis, filtering, prediction, and noise suppression. In recent years there has been a considerable effort to derive data-driven modeling s ...
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TERMINÉ
Sustainable Mobility and Robust Transportation (SMART)
Date du début: 1 mai 2014, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2018,
"Traffic Congestion has several effects on travelers, businesses, agencies, and cities. Congestion costs Europe about 1% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) every year.Transportation networks are complex and large-scale dynamic systems with uncertainties. Efficient traffic control and management of large-scale transportation networks still remain a challenge both for traffic researchers and practition ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
A New Molecular Approach for Designing Bio-Adhesive Materials (Neat Bio-Adhesives)
Date du début: 1 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 mars 2018,
Closing wounds with tissue adhesives presents challenges, yet also offers a significant opportunity to revolutionize bleeding control and wound healing. While various formulations have been developed for soft-tissue adhesives, trade-offs between adhesive properties and toxicity have limited their clinical use. As a result, current products either act like sealants covering the wound (rather than a ...
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TERMINÉ
Understanding the interaction between timescales of single neurons, networks and the environment (Multiple timescales)
Date du début: 1 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 mars 2018,
Adaptation over multiple timescales is evident at every level of organization. Our actions are the result of the interactions between current external stimuli and a lifelong history. Likewise, the response of single neurons to a stimulus depends on a long stimulation history. This observation implies that a neural system is usually encountered in a different state each time it is stimulated or obs ...
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TERMINÉ
QUantum-device Engineering with novel STates of matter (QUEST)
Date du début: 1 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 mars 2018,
"The goal of the proposed project is to employ novel states of matter for the development of new devices for quantum technologies, optoelectronics and ultrafast nanoelectronics. Speeding up and miniaturization of the existing electronics are approaching their physical limits. Novel states of mater are a rapidly growing field of science including quantum condensates and superconductors. One of the ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Logarithmically Correlated Fields and their Applications (LCFA)
Date du début: 1 mars 2014, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2018,
"We propose to continue the study of the extremal structure of logarithmically correlated random fields, such as the (discrete or continuous) Gaussian free field and the positions of particles in a branching random walk or branching Brownian motion. Such study includes finding the complete asymptotics of the extremal process of the 2D discrete GFF (based on work started in Biskup-Louidor (2013)), ...
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TERMINÉ
SELF-ASSEMBLY POLYMERIC NANO-BIOMATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY AND TARGETING (NANOTAR)
Date du début: 1 mars 2014, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2018,
"The present plan aims to build up and consolidate a research program in Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science based on the design, synthesis and chemical characterization of novel self-assembly polymeric nano-biomaterials and the investigation of the relationship between the nano/microstructure and the properties and new processing methods for the improvement of the biopharmaceutic performance of ...
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TERMINÉ
Understanding Random Systems via Algebraic Topology (URSAT)
Date du début: 1 mars 2013, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2018,
Over the past decade there has been a significant expansion of activity in applying the techniques and theory of algebraic topology to real world problems. The expression `applied algebraic topology' is no longer an oxymoron! This expansion has generated new mathematical theory, new computational techniques, and even commercial startups. However, there is still an important component of this top ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
The role of viral photosynthetic proteins in oceanic photosynthesis (PhotoPhage)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2013, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2018,
Cyanobacteria play a key role in marine photosynthesis, contributing almost 50% of primary production in oligotrophic regions of the ocean. Marine cyanophages were recently discovered to carry photosystem II (PSII) genes, and it was suggested that these genes increase phage fitness by helping the phages to maintain photosynthesis in the infected bacterial cells. We recently showed evidence for the ...
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TERMINÉ
"Scaling Up Reinforcement Learning: Structure Learning, Skill Acquisition, and Reward Shaping" (SUPREL)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2017,
"Learning how to act optimally in high-dimensional stochastic dynamic environments is a fundamental problem in many areas of engineering and computer science. The basic setup is that of an agent who interacts with an environment trying to maximize some long term payoff while having access to observations of the state of the environment. A standard approach to solving this problem is the Reinforcem ...
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TERMINÉ
Study of high frequency vibration induced steady wetting and of high frequency vibration induced nanoparticle assembly for molecular electronics (SBL)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2013, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2017,
"One of the main goals of scientific research nowadays is to develop methods to prompt and control natural processes at nanometre and micrometre resolutions for advancing technological capabilities at such length resolutions. Many corresponding examples exist, from which we bring the field of molecular electronics; although advanced remarkably in recent years, this field lacks cheap and efficient ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Magnetically manipulated molecular beams; a novel ultra-sensitive approach for studying the structure and dynamics of water surfaces (MAGNETIC BEAMS)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2012, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2017,
This proposal is aimed at developing and applying novel ultra-sensitive methods for studying the structure and dynamics of surfaces on an atomic scale, focusing on water surfaces in particular.The proposal consists of two main instrument development projects which are based on magnetic manipulation of molecular beams: (1) Developing a ground-breaking apparatus which uses a pre-polarized H2O molecu ...
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TERMINÉ
Reconfigurable non-von-Neumann Accelerators (EXAFLOW)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2013, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2017,
"Computer architects are facing two critical challenges when designingparallel architectures - making them both dramatically more power efficientand far more easy to program. These challenges, often referred to as thepower and programmability walls, already bring forth two orthogonal paradigmshifts in parallel programming and computer architecture.On the one hand, the parallel programming world is ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Engineering Vascularized Tissues (ENGVASC)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2012, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2017,
"Vascularization, the process in which new blood vessels assemble, is fundamental to tissue vitality. Vessel network assembly within 3D tissues can be induced in-vitro by means of multicellular culturing of endothelial cells (EC), fibroblasts and cells specific to the tissue of interest. This approach supports formation of endothelial vessels and promotes EC and tissue-specific cell interactions. ...
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TERMINÉ
Multiscale Numerical Methods for Inverse Problems Governed By Partial Differential Equations (MULTISCALE INVERSION)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2014, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2017,
Inverse problems that are governed by partial differential equations arise in many applications in computational science and engineering. Solving these large scale problems is a real challenge to the existing numerical methods, as they are generally highly ill-posed and non-convex. These difficulties are usually handled by introducing statistical Bayesian estimation methods that promote a-priori k ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Variational models of network formation and ion transport: applications to polyelectrolyte membranes (FuncCahnHilliardPNP)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,
The functionalized Cahn-Hilliard energy is a phase-field characterization of an interfacial energy usedto describe dynamics of amphiphilic network formation. We havesuccessfully applied the functionalized Cahn-Hilliard energy to model the morphology of water nano-pore networks in ionomer membranes. The resulting morphology model was validated with experimental scattering data of Nafion, anionomer ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
The Ecology of Antibiotic Resistance (ARISE)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2012, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,
Main goal. We aim to understand the puzzling coexistence of antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive species in natural soil environments, using novel quantitative experimental techniques and mathematical analysis. The ecological insights gained will be translated into novel treatment strategies for combating antibiotic resistance.Background. Microbial soil ecosystems comprise communities of ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Spectral Geometry on Graphs and Beyond (SpeGyOnGraphsPlus)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,
The leitmotif of my proposed research is the extraction of geometric information about graphs from the spectra of the graph's Schrödinger operators, and from the distribution of zeros of the corresponding eigenfunctions. The spectral geometric point of view shows intrigue links between quantum and combinatorial graphs, which go over towards higher dimensional domains. Therefore, the proposed resea ...
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TERMINÉ
Dopaminergic regulation of immunity (Dopamine immunity)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,
Common knowledge and extensive scientific evidence suggest that the brain affects the immune system. Our goal is to understand the underlying mechanisms and to harness the networks involved in this communication toward the design of new therapuetic strategies to centrally regulate immune responses. The proposed research plan integrates state-of-the-art technologies in both neuroscience and immunol ...
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TERMINÉ
Study of epithelial stem cells, pathophysiology and therapy (Epi-Patho-Stem)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,
The stratified epithelium of the skin (epidermis) and the cornea share common characteristics in term of structure, function and developmental origin. These tissues which line the external surface of the mammalian body and eye are multi-layered tightly packed tissues providing protection against infections, injuries and water loss. Although skin stem cell therapy have been firstly reported 3 decad ...
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TERMINÉ
Ergodic Group Theory (UB12)
Date du début: 1 sept. 2012, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,
"The aim of the proposed research is gaining a better understanding of locally compact groups and their lattices. Our tools are mainly ergodic theoretical.We propose a variety of novel ideas that open new horizons for research.The first meta idea is the adoption of tools from the semi-simple theory in order to apply them for general locally compact groups. In particular, we suggest a construction ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Beam Shaping in Complex Systems (BSICS)
Date du début: 1 juil. 2014, Date de fin: 30 juin 2017,
"The objective of this proposal is to devise new ways of shaping light and other electromagnetic waves in complex and novel structures. The research will delve into fundamental aspects of electrodynamics, from classical optics to the quantum mechanical dynamics of photons.Over the past twenty years, several new kinds of artificial media for electromagnetic waves were demonstrated, among them photo ...
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TERMINÉ
TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION FOR CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF CIVIL ENGINEERING STRUCTURES (TOP CIVIL)
Date du début: 1 juin 2013, Date de fin: 31 mai 2017,
"The proposed project aims at the development of topology optimization as a digital design tool for structural engineers and architects. The motivation for pursuing this goal arises from the growing interest within the architectural community in topology optimization as a means of generating aesthetic and efficient structural forms; as well as from the search for design methodologies that facilita ...
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TERMINÉ
Atomically thin layers of Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Crystals – Electronic Properties and Application in Solar Cells (ElectPropOIPC)
Date du début: 1 juin 2014, Date de fin: 31 mai 2017,
We propose to experimentally study the electronic properties of organic-inorganic perovskite crystal (OIPC) monolayers by means optical spectroscopy and charge transport measurements.In the last few months, OIPC’s have emerged as an outstanding material for inexpensive and efficient solar cells. In a series of studies, various research groups have successfully demonstrated the preparation of solar ...
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TERMINÉ
GRAvitational N-body Dynamics: Dynamics and evolution of multiple planetary systems (GRAND)
Date du début: 1 mars 2013, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2017,
"The discovery of hundreds of exoplanets in the last decades have revolutionized the field of planetary astrophysics. The properties of many of these systems turned out to be quite peculiar and very different from our own Solar system; they gave rise to outstanding puzzles and opened new avenues for processes involved in planet formation and evolution. In our own Solar systems the last decades ...
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TERMINÉ
Host molecular and cellular responses to anti-cancer drug treatment as a potential biomarker for treatment outcome (HostResponse)
Date du début: 1 mars 2011, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2017,
Chemotherapy remains one of the most common treatment modalities for cancer. It is typically administered in cycles of bolus injections following 21 days of drug-free break periods. However, tumor regrowth between drug intervals is often observed, due in part, to rebound angiogenesis. Our previous studies demonstrated that bone marrow derived proangiogenic cells are acutely mobilized following cer ...
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TERMINÉ
Lower Bounds and Identity Testing for Arithmetic Circuits (LBITAC)
Date du début: 1 mars 2011, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2017,
"The focus of our proposal is on arithmetic circuit complexity. Arithmetic circuits are the most common model for computing polynomials, over arbitrary fields. This model was studied by manyresearchers in the past 40 years but still not much is known on many of the basic problems concerning this model.In this research we propose to study some of the most exciting fundamental open problems in theor ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Non-Rigid Shape Reconstruction and Deformation Analysis (NORDIA)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2011, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2016,
"Deformable and non-rigid objects, both natural and artificial, surround us at all scales from nano to macro, and play an important role in many applications ranging from medical image analysis to robotics and gaming. Such applications require the ability to acquire, reconstruct, analyze, and synthesize non-rigid three-dimensional shapes. These procedures pose challenging problems both theoretical ...
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TERMINÉ
Flight Algorithms for Disaggregated Space Architectures (FADER)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2011, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2016,
"Standard spacecraft designs comprise modules assembled in a single monolithic structure. When unexpected situations occur, the spacecraft are unable to adequately respond, and significant functional and financial losses are unavoidable. For instance, if the payload of a spacecraft fails, the whole system becomes unserviceable and substitution of the entire spacecraft is required. It would be much ...
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TERMINÉ
Design & Engineering of Photosynthetic Communities for Industrial Cultivation (PHOTO.COMM)
Date du début: 1 oct. 2012, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2016,
The generation of young biotechnologists is of paramount importance for Europe´s future. PHOTO.COMM will train primarily early stage researchers who have demonstrated high ambitions and talents in a unique platform based on emerging technology and science that would shape the forefront of future European biotechnology. PHOTO.COMM involves the utilization of microalgae for the conversion of carbon ...
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