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25 projets européens trouvés

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 TERMINÉ 

Improving Drought Resistance in Crops and Arabidopsis (IDRICA)

Date du début: 1 nov. 2016, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2021,

Drought is the first cause of agricultural losses globally, and represents a major threat to food security. Currently, plant biotechnology stands as the most promising strategy to produce crops capable of producing high yields in fed rain conditions. From the study of whole-plants, the main underlying mechanism for responses to drought stress has been uncovered, and multiple drought resistance ge ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

New commercial EUropean RICE (Oryza sativa) harbouring salt tolerance alleles to protect the rice sector against climate change and apple snail (Pomacea insularum) invasion (NEURICE)

Date du début: 1 mars 2016, Date de fin: 29 févr. 2020,

About 2/3 of the rice consumed by European citizens is produced in EU, and its productivity is affected by abiotic and biotic stresses. Of particular concern, global temperature has increased over the last century, especially during the last 50 years (0.13° C / decade). One consequence has been a clear tendency toward salinization, which affects rice as one of the most salt sensitive crop in the r ...
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 14

 TERMINÉ 

Plant genetic determinants controlling arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal growth through the plant cell wall (PlantMYCcellWall)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2015, Date de fin: 22 avr. 2018,

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis has great potential in agriculture for the development of food and energy crops better equipped to cope with extreme environmental conditions and with less fertilizers requirement. PlantMYCcellWall intends, through an interdisciplinary research project using a combination of genetics, molecular, cell biology and biochemical approaches, a better understanding o ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

GMP Two Year Safety Testing (G-TwYST)

Date du début: 21 avr. 2014, Date de fin: 20 avr. 2018,

G-TwYST will execute rat feeding trials with GM maize NK 603 based on OECD Test Guidelines and according to EFSA considerations. In the case of maize NK603 two 90-day and a combined 2-year chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study will be performed. By combining the results of the G-TwYST project with those of the GRACE project (90-day and 1-year study with maize MON810) it will be possible for the ...
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 9

 TERMINÉ 

Developing an European American NGS Network (DEANN)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2014, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2017,

The DEANN project is a network formation initiative that involves six research institutions and universities from four EU countries and equivalently, six research entities from four Latin American countries. The overall goal is to strengthen research partnership among the participants by developing a shared scientific knowhow in the field of Next Generation Sequencing data analysis. More specific ...
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 7

 TERMINÉ 

Chromatin in Plants – European Training and Mobility (CHIP-ET)

Date du début: 1 oct. 2013, Date de fin: 30 sept. 2017,

"The Research Training Network CHIP-ET will focus on the study of protein complexes that modulate chromatin structure to activate RNA polymerase II–mediated transcription. Research will address how developmental and environmental stimuli such as light and circadian rhythm signal to these complexes to modulate transcription. The interactome of the complexes will be determined, as well as their geno ...
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 6

 TERMINÉ 

Revealing the hidden secrets of the MEP pathway to engineer new bio-resources for humanity (BIOHELP)

Date du début: 1 sept. 2014, Date de fin: 31 août 2017,

The recently-discovered methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway produces isoprenoids in plant plastids and most microorganisms. Its absence in animals makes it a promising target for antibiotic development. In addition, many isoprenoids have important industrial applications (pharmaceuticals, nutriceuticals, fuels, rubbers, etc.). In order to fully exploit this pathway as a drug target and succes ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Mixed viral infections in melon: disease, vector transmission, RNA silencing suppression and plant defense (MelonMixVir)

Date du début: 16 juin 2015, Date de fin: 15 juin 2017,

MelonMixVir deals with mixed viral infections in melon plants. Pathogenic viruses are collectively responsible of relevant economic losses worldwide, but most plant virology studies are done with a few individual viruses, while the frequent cases of mixed infections are clearly underrepresented. In contrast, severe synergistic effects can occur in mixed infections, even between viruses causing mil ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Blocking SUMO conjugation as drug discovery strategy. (SUMOblock)

Date du début: 1 juin 2015, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2016,

In eukaryotes, SUMO (Small Ubiquitin Modifier) conjugation to proteins is an essential process that regulates many aspects of cell biology. Defects in SUMO conjugation have been associated to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and others, raising a great interest in developing novel drugs for inhibiting SUMO conjugation.Specifically, recent reports have pointed to a high dependency on an active SU ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Control of Programmed Cell Death by Metacaspases in plants (PlantPCDcontrol)

Date du début: 23 mai 2014, Date de fin: 15 nov. 2016,

Plant pathogens devastate crops resulting in yield losses and increasing the use of often unsustainable pesticides. Understanding the basic mechanisms of the plant immune system will increase our ability to successfully combat plant diseases, satisfying the growing needs for sustainable food production, a future challenge for European agriculture.Cell death has a central role in innate immune resp ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Control of programmed cell death by metacaspases in plants (PCDMC)

Date du début: 1 août 2012, Date de fin: 31 juil. 2016,

"Cell death has a central role in innate immune responses in both animals and plants. The hypersensitive response (HR) is a plant-specific form of programmed cell death (PCD) occurring at the site of attempted pathogen invasion. A tight regulation of HR is essential in order to avoid unnecessary tissue damage beyond the infection site. However, the signaling pathways leading to HR still remain ill ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Regulation of Seed Storage Oil Mobilization (SOM) by the Phytochrome-Interacting bHLH Transcription Factors PIFs (PIF Oil)

Date du début: 1 mars 2012, Date de fin: 29 févr. 2016,

Storage oil mobilization (SOM) breaks down the reserve lipids in the seed and converts them to sugar. SOM is essential to support postgermination growth and seedling establishment, which are of foremost importance for plant fitness in the field. Light is the main environmental cue determining the transition between heterotrophic growth based on oil reserves and photoautotrophic growth supported by ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Enhancing resource Uptake from Roots under stress in cereal crops (EUROOT)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2012, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2015,

The overall goal of EURoot is to help farmers to face both climate change, which is expected to result in increasingly uneven rainfall, and meet the societal demand for sustainable agriculture with reduced use of water and fertilizers. EURoot objective is to enhance the cereal plant capability to acquire water and nutrients through their roots and maintain growth and performance under stress condi ...
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 20

 TERMINÉ 

GMO Risk Assessment and Communication of Evidence (GRACE)

Date du début: 1 juin 2012, Date de fin: 30 nov. 2015,

The project GRACE willa) elaborate and sustainably implement a transparent framework for the review of GMOs or GM food and feed effects on environment, socio-economics and health andb) reconsider the design, execution and interpretation of results of animal feeding trials as well as in vitro studies for assessing the safety of GM food and feed.The framework will create high quality reviewing proc ...
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 19

 TERMINÉ 

Intergenomic Relationships during plant-pathogen interactions (SMALLRNATRANSFER)

Date du début: 18 nov. 2011, Date de fin: 17 nov. 2015,

Genomes of higher eukaryotes encode small regulatory RNAs that direct transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing.Two major classes of small RNA occur in plants, microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), with the major difference being their biogenesis pathways. Most small RNAs are generated through a series of maturation steps and incorporated into RNA-induced silencing ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Preparatory steps towards a GMO research ERA-Net (PreSto GMO ERA-Net)

Date du début: 1 sept. 2013, Date de fin: 31 août 2015,

The objective of the PreSto GMO ERA-Net project is to clearly map out the steps needed to create and successfully implement an ERA-Net that will coordinate transnational research on the effects of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the areas of human and animal health, the environment, and techno- economics and societies. The focus of the ERA-Net will be on GMOs intentionally released into t ...
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 22

 TERMINÉ 

Sumoylation: a regulatory mechanism for circadian clock function (MOLECULAR CLOCK)

Date du début: 1 juin 2013, Date de fin: 31 mai 2015,

"The past decade has seen a remarkable advance in our understanding of the plant circadian system, mostly in Arabidopsis thaliana. It is now well established that Arabidopsis clock genes and their protein products operate via negative feedback loops that promote rhythmic oscillations in cellular, metabolic and physiologic activities. Evidence about the relevant role of transcriptional mechanisms r ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Linking the clock to metabolism (TiMet)

Date du début: 1 mars 2010, Date de fin: 28 févr. 2015,

Optimal plant growth requires the orchestration of carbon metabolism over the day-night cycle, to avoid periods of starvation at night. Metabolism and growth at night are fueled by carbohydrates released by degradation of starch, synthesised from photosynthesis in the preceding day. Starch synthesis and degradation are regulated such that starch reserves are almost but not quite exhausted at the e ...
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 9

 TERMINÉ 

Dissecting Carotenoid-Related Protein Interaction Dynamics for Tailoring Healthier Crops (CarotenActors)

Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2014,

Improving health, food quality and food safety are major demands of Europe’s society and economy. Addressing these demands requires a deeper knowledge of the basic mechanisms that regulate plant and animal metabolism. Carotenoids are a group of plant pigments that animals need to ingest as an essential source of retinoids (including vitamin A). Dietary consumption of carotenoids is also associated ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Study of the role of protein posttranslational modification by SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier) in abscisic acid signaling and stress responses in plants (SUMO)

Date du début: 1 juil. 2008, Date de fin: 30 juin 2014,

"Eukaryotic protein function is regulated in vivo by diverse mechanisms such as protein turnover, regulation of protein activity, localization and protein-protein interactions. These mechanisms involve constitutive or reversible post-translational modifications of specific amino-acid residues in the target protein by molecules of different nature. Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers are polypep ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Identification and characterization of novel plant growth regulators acting downstream of the phytochrome-interacting bHLH transcription factors in the dark (Dark Growth)

Date du début: 1 mai 2010, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2014,

Plants modulate their growth and development to adjust to the continuous variations in their light environment. During early development, seedlings emerging from buried seed grow vigorously upward in the subterranean darkness toward the soil surface (etiolated growth), a developmental strategy promoted by several members of the phytochrome (phy)-interacting factor (PIF) subfamily of bHLH transcrip ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Regulation of transposable elements in plants and impact on genome evolution (TransPlant)

Date du début: 15 mars 2011, Date de fin: 14 mars 2014,

Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic elements present in virtually all genomes. They make up nearly half of the total amount of DNA in plant genomes, so definition of their influence on genome structure and gene expression is of clear significance to the understanding of global genome regulation and phenotype variations. The movement of TEs within genomes can generate mutations by interr ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

Molecular cross-talk of light perception and development for plant adaptation to the environment (ARABISHADE)

Date du début: 3 mars 2010, Date de fin: 2 sept. 2012,

"Plants perceive the presence of dense vegetation as a change in light quality, i.e., a reduced red to far-red (R:FR) ratio. The responses to shade are generally referred to as the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), and involve various changes in growth and physiology intended to overgrow or survive neighboring plants. Molecularly, phytochrome photoreceptors rapidly modulate plant development modulat ...
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 1

 TERMINÉ 

BRAssinosteroid Venture Increasing StudentS' International MObility (BRAVISSIMO)

Date du début: 1 sept. 2008, Date de fin: 31 août 2012,

"A future challenge for the European agriculture is to satisfy the growing demands for food in a sustainable manner. Understanding the basic mechanics of plant growth will ultimately lead to our ability to increase yield, while decreasing the need for fertilizer and pesticides. Plant growth is regulated by developmental programmes that can be modified by environmental cues acting through endogenou ...
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 8

 TERMINÉ 

"Genomic Analyses of Arabidopsis Flower Development: sORFs, miRNAs, and transcription factor-coding genes" (GEANARAFDEV)

Date du début: 1 avr. 2008, Date de fin: 31 mars 2012,

"The focus of this proposal is to characterize the functions of novel components of the flower development gene regulatory network in Arabidopsis, using various genomic approaches. The proposed work will target: (1) novel coding small open reading frames (sORFs) detected in intergenic regions; (2) novel or uncharacterized microRNAs and protein-coding genes potentially implicated in flower developm ...
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 1