10 projets européens trouvés
Recherche sur 125080 projets européens
TERMINÉ
Understanding evolutionary rates on the Tree of Life in time and space (ToLERates)
Date du début: 1 mai 2014, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2019,
According to models of adaptive radiation and sexual selection trait divergence is a key step in the speciation process. At a macroevolutionary scale this leads to the prediction that speciation is driven by the rate of trait evolution rather than the state of the trait. Despite the established theoretical links between trait evolution and speciation, most macroevolutionary studies focus on predic ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Powering cells with light: the synthetic biology of photosynthesis (SYNTHPHOTO)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2014, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2019,
Billions of tonnes of chlorophylls are synthesised every year, then incorporated into the photosynthetic complexes that harvest and trap the solar energy that powers the biosphere. An understanding of the mechanisms that deliver chlorophylls to the growing photosynthetic apparatus is important for fundamental reasons, and also for future exploitation of photosynthesis as an energy source.The SYNTH ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
HiPERCAM: A high-speed camera for the study of rapid variability in the Universe (HiPERCAM)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2014, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2018,
When stars die, they form white dwarfs, neutron stars or black holes. These are key objects in astrophysics as their extreme gravities, densities and pressures allow us to test our theories of fundamental physics at the limits of their predictive powers. One of the best ways of studying white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes is via their variations in brightness. Unfortunately, due to the sma ...
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3
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TERMINÉ
Carbon dioxide regulation of Earth’s ecological weathering engine: from microorganisms to ecosystems (CDREG)
Date du début: 1 juin 2013, Date de fin: 31 mai 2018,
CDREG develops the major new Earth system science research hypothesis that tectonic-related variations in Earth’s atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]a) drive negative ecological feedbacks on terrestrial silicate weathering rates that stabilise further [CO2]a change and regulate climate. This paradigm-changing hypothesis integrates ecological and abiotic controls on silicate weathering to underst ...
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5
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TERMINÉ
Exciton-Polaritons: New Physics and Long Term Applications (EXCIPOL)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2013, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2018,
This proposal combines novel experimentation and physical insight with state-of-the-art advances in technology to establish the field of exciton-polariton physics in major new directions. The new physics takes advantage of unique polariton properties including very light mass, strong non-linearities, bosonic character and direct access to density, phase and quantum statistics. The major goals are: ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA)
Date du début: 1 févr. 2013, Date de fin: 31 janv. 2018,
The efficient, reproducible synthesis of bespoke organic nanoparticles of controlled size, morphology and surface functionality in concentrated solution is widely regarded to be a formidable technical challenge. However, recent advances by the Principal Investigator (PI) suggest that this important problem can be addressed by polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) directly in aqueous solution ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Priming of plant immunity: from its onset to trans-generational maintenance (PRIME-A-PLANT)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2017,
Plant defence depends on speed: the sooner a plant recognises its attacker, the more effective its defence response will be. Over the course of evolution, plants have acquired the ability to prime their immune system after perception of specific environmental signals. This heightened state of defence enables a faster and/or stronger activation of inducible defence mechanisms after pathogen attack, ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
The analysis of mitochondrial dynamics in ageing and neurodegeneration (DYNAMITO)
Date du début: 1 janv. 2013, Date de fin: 31 déc. 2017,
The survival of our most active tissues, such as the brain and heart, throughout decades of a human lifespan presents an extraordinary biological challenge. Mitochondria are central to the life and death of these tissues. They provide the cellular energy required by these cells and protect them by buffering potentially lethal levels of cytoplasmic calcium, while at the same time mitochondria produ ...
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2
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TERMINÉ
Post-copulatory sexual selection in birds: sperm production, sperm selection and early development in birds (PCSSIB)
Date du début: 1 mai 2011, Date de fin: 30 avr. 2017,
Sexual reproduction is one of the most fundamental of biological processes: (i) the creation of gametes, (ii) their fusion and (iii) the formation of a viable embryo are all shaped by a major evolutionary force: post-copulatory sexual selection comprising sperm competition and cryptic female choice. This project will make substantial advances in all three areas, using birds (mainly zebra finch) as ...
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1
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TERMINÉ
Species formation from beginning to end: integrative tests of competing hypotheses for the origins of diversity (NATHISGEN)
Date du début: 1 nov. 2011, Date de fin: 31 oct. 2016,
Biological diversity is created by the formation of new species and thus speciation is a fundamental process responsible for diversity of life. Progress has been made in identifying individual ‘speciation genes’ causing specific forms of reproductive isolation. In contrast, debates persist about how the speciation process unfolds from beginning to end (i.e., the mechanisms of speciation) and the f ...
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